Acetyl L Carnitine 500 mg L Carnitine Linus Pauling Institute Oregon State University l Carnitine reduces reactive oxygen species endoplasmic reticulum stress and maintains mitochondrial function during autophagy mediated cell apoptosis in perfluorooctanesulfonate treated renal tubular cells Scientific Reports Carnitine octanoyltransferase is important for the assimilation of exogenous acetyl L carnitine into acetyl CoA in mammalian cells Journal of Biological Chemistry Acetyl L carnitine physical chemical, metabolic, and therapeutic properties: relevance for its mode of action in Alzheimer's disease and geriatric depression Molecular Psychiatry Frontiers Carnitine and Depression